活跃太阳上的太阳黑子
(原标题: Sunspots on an Active Sun)
2023-07-11
浏览次数: 25
为什么我们的太阳现在如此活跃？没人能确定。由于我们的太阳将在2025年接近太阳活动极大期，因此预计地表活动会增加。然而，上个月我们的太阳出现的黑子比之前整个11年太阳活动周期中任何一个月都要多——甚至可以追溯到2002年。这张特色图片是由美国宇航局太阳动力观测站从1月到6月每天拍摄的图像合成而成的。太阳黑子的数量非常多，可以在大约两周的时间里从左到右追踪到大的单个黑子。随着太阳活动周期的持续，太阳黑子通常会出现在离赤道更近的地方。太阳黑子只是太阳表面活动的一种方式——另一种是耀斑和日冕物质抛射（cme），它们将粒子喷射到太阳系中。由于这些粒子会影响宇航员和电子设备，因此跟踪表面扰动的意义不仅仅是美学价值。相反，太阳活动可以具有非常高的美学价值——在地球大气层中，当它们触发极光时。
查看原文解释
Why is our Sun so active now? No one is sure. An increase in surface activity was expected because our Sun is approaching solar maximum in 2025. However, last month our Sun sprouted more sunspots than in any month during the entire previous 11-year solar cycle -- and even dating back to 2002. The featured picture is a composite of images taken every day from January to June by NASA's Solar Dynamic Observatory. Showing a high abundance of sunspots, large individual spots can be tracked across the Sun's disk, left to right, over about two weeks. As a solar cycle continues, sunspots typically appear closer to the equator. Sunspots are just one way that our Sun displays surface activity -- another is flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) that expel particles out into the Solar System. Since these particles can affect astronauts and electronics, tracking surface disturbances is of more than aesthetic value. Conversely, solar activity can have very high aesthetic value -- in the Earth's atmosphere when they trigger aurora.