从SDO观测到的日珥喷发
(原标题: A Solar Prominence Eruption from SDO)
2024-08-18
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太阳最壮观的景象之一是日珥的喷发。2011年，美国宇航局绕太阳运行的太阳动态观测航天器拍摄到一个令人印象深刻的巨大日珥从太阳表面喷发出来。这段90分钟的延时视频用紫外光捕捉到了这场戏剧性的爆炸，每24秒拍摄一帧。日珥的规模是巨大的——整个地球很容易就能被热气流动的帷幕所覆盖。日珥被太阳的磁场引导，有时被太阳的磁场保持在太阳表面之上。一个静止的日珥通常持续一个月左右，并可能以日冕物质抛射（CME）的形式爆发，向太阳系喷射热气。产生日珥的能量机制是一个持续的研究课题。我们的太阳再次接近太阳活动极大期，因此非常活跃，有许多日珥和日冕物质抛射的喷发，其中一次就在上周导致了风景如画的极光。
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One of the most spectacular solar sights is an erupting prominence. In 2011, NASA's Sun-orbiting Solar Dynamic Observatory spacecraft imaged an impressively large prominence erupting from the surface. The dramatic explosion was captured in ultraviolet light in the featured time lapse video covering 90 minutes, where a new frame was taken every 24 seconds. The scale of the prominence is huge -- the entire Earth would easily fit under the flowing curtain of hot gas. A solar prominence is channeled and sometimes held above the Sun's surface by the Sun's magnetic field. A quiescent prominence typically lasts about a month and may erupt in a Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) expelling hot gas into the Solar System. The energy mechanism that creates a solar prominence is a continuing topic of research. Our Sun is again near solar maximum and so very active, featuring numerous erupting prominences and CMEs, one of which resulted in picturesque auroras just over the past week.